World Civilizations: 21st Century Challenges Facing India DIRECTIONS: With your partner, answer the following questions concerning the history (and current condition) of the conflict between Pakistan & India regarding the disputed region of Kashmir. 1)What is the Essence of the conflict between India and Pakistan over the disputed region of Kashmir? 2)How did the conflict begin, and how was the “line of control” created?
It was created because of the attacks along the border between india and pakistan. The line of control was created in Kashmir, where there was a military buildup along the line.
3)What factors have led to the continuous increase in tensions along the “line of control”? 4)How did East Pakistan become Bangladesh?
The political party that supported East Pakistan becoming sovereign won the majority seat in West Pakistan's Parliament. The West Pakistani government felt threatened and arrested every member of that party. The people of East Pakistan were extremely angered by this, riots broke out, and West Pakistan sent military reinforcements. This is where India got involved. East Pakistan had refugees flooding into India, and it was cheaper to help them fight their war than support all the new refugees. With India's help, East Pakistan defeated West Pakistan and became Bangladesh.
5)How and why is this conflict so important to the United States?
related to the United States' war on terrorism
the US didn't want nuclear weapons to become involved for fear of spread
Pakistan is important to them because it borders Afghanistan and if there was not so much tension between India and Pakistan, the US might have hope of receiving more information on Osama bin Laden
6)What should the United States role be in resolving the conflict?What about Great Britain?Try to use what you have learned in the India unit to support your answer!
They should stay uninvolved unless nuclear weapons come into affect
if nuclear weapons become a factor, the United States needs to step in and stop them from actually being used
War Deemed Inevitable 1)Why do some experts say that war between India & Pakistan is unavoidable? neither side wanted to confess to the other side that they were wrong. Both sides don't want to compromise and split the land because they think that they would have to confess to their wrong doings. They will not demonstrate a willingness to resolve the dispute peacefully. 2)What is “nuclear deterrence”? Nuclear deterrence means that neither country wants to fire a nuclear bomb because then the other country will fire back. 3)Why do some believe that deterrence may not work in the conflict between India & Pakistan? 4)What scenario is laid out that could lead to a nuclear war?
India has a much more powerful army that Pakistan would not have a chance in a conventional way so they will most likely resort to nuclear weapons. 5)How would a nuclear war in South Asia affect your life? Both Pakistan and India have numerous nuclear bombs, if a nuclear war was to take place, who knows how many would be fired in both directions before it was stopped? If this many nuclear bombs were fired in different location the whole world could be affected by the nuclear fallout. The economic repercussions could also be extreme because India supplies us with many technological products. Chance for Peaceful Resolution Seen 1)Why do some experts believe that a nuclear war between India and Pakistan is unlikely? 2)What is one reason offered to explain the notion that nuclear weapons are only useful when they exist but are not used? 3)Why is the United States in a unique position to help diffuse potentially “nuclear” tensions between India & Pakistan?Should England play a role?If so, what should it be? 4)What international political conditions could aid the U.S. in its attempt to broker peace? Good ties with Pakistan would be key because if pakistan falls to terorist regime, they get their nuclear weapons and are free to use them as they see fit. Also International pressure on pakistan and India to resolve the conflict would be very useful. U.S. Role in the Region Unclear 1)The conflict over Kashmir came to a head once again in 2002, and the U.S. intervened diplomatically.Why did the article say it was an “Indian victory”? 2)What was the reaction of Islamic militants to Musharraf’s decision to back down on Kashmir?
Islamic militants felt betrayed that the Pakistani government supported the United States's War on Terror, and backed down in Kashmir.
3)How would the internal political destabilization of Pakistan affect the United State’s War on Terror?, terrorism increased making the unites states' job a lot harder. Pakistan was so insable it couldnt even attempt to try to fix its own problems. So the US had to deal with terrorism and a broken country too.
Because of the instablility of the country
4)Would British troops inserted along the “Line of Control” help or hinder the peace process? 5)How can diplomacy be further employed to resolve the conflict over Kashmir?
DIRECTIONS: With your partner, answer the following questions concerning the history (and current condition) of the conflict between Pakistan & India regarding the disputed region of Kashmir.
1) What is the Essence of the conflict between India and Pakistan over the disputed region of Kashmir?
2) How did the conflict begin, and how was the “line of control” created?
It was created because of the attacks along the border between india and pakistan. The line of control was created in Kashmir, where there was a military buildup along the line.
3) What factors have led to the continuous increase in tensions along the “line of control”?
4) How did East Pakistan become Bangladesh?
The political party that supported East Pakistan becoming sovereign won the majority seat in West Pakistan's Parliament. The West Pakistani government felt threatened and arrested every member of that party. The people of East Pakistan were extremely angered by this, riots broke out, and West Pakistan sent military reinforcements. This is where India got involved. East Pakistan had refugees flooding into India, and it was cheaper to help them fight their war than support all the new refugees. With India's help, East Pakistan defeated West Pakistan and became Bangladesh.
5) How and why is this conflict so important to the United States?
- related to the United States' war on terrorism
- the US didn't want nuclear weapons to become involved for fear of spread
- Pakistan is important to them because it borders Afghanistan and if there was not so much tension between India and Pakistan, the US might have hope of receiving more information on Osama bin Laden
6) What should the United States role be in resolving the conflict? What about Great Britain? Try to use what you have learned in the India unit to support your answer!- They should stay uninvolved unless nuclear weapons come into affect
- if nuclear weapons become a factor, the United States needs to step in and stop them from actually being used
War Deemed Inevitable1) Why do some experts say that war between India & Pakistan is unavoidable?
neither side wanted to confess to the other side that they were wrong. Both sides don't want to compromise and split the land because they think that they would have to confess to their wrong doings. They will not demonstrate a willingness to resolve the dispute peacefully.
2) What is “nuclear deterrence”?
Nuclear deterrence means that neither country wants to fire a nuclear bomb because then the other country will fire back.
3) Why do some believe that deterrence may not work in the conflict between India & Pakistan?
4) What scenario is laid out that could lead to a nuclear war?
India has a much more powerful army that Pakistan would not have a chance in a conventional way so they will most likely resort to nuclear weapons.
5) How would a nuclear war in South Asia affect your life? Both Pakistan and India have numerous nuclear bombs, if a nuclear war was to take place, who knows how many would be fired in both directions before it was stopped? If this many nuclear bombs were fired in different location the whole world could be affected by the nuclear fallout. The economic repercussions could also be extreme because India supplies us with many technological products.
Chance for Peaceful Resolution Seen
1) Why do some experts believe that a nuclear war between India and Pakistan is unlikely?
2) What is one reason offered to explain the notion that nuclear weapons are only useful when they exist but are not used?
3) Why is the United States in a unique position to help diffuse potentially “nuclear” tensions between India & Pakistan? Should England play a role? If so, what should it be?
4) What international political conditions could aid the U.S. in its attempt to broker peace?
Good ties with Pakistan would be key because if pakistan falls to terorist regime, they get their nuclear weapons and are free to use them as they see fit. Also International pressure on pakistan and India to resolve the conflict would be very useful.
U.S. Role in the Region Unclear
1) The conflict over Kashmir came to a head once again in 2002, and the U.S. intervened diplomatically. Why did the article say it was an “Indian victory”?
2) What was the reaction of Islamic militants to Musharraf’s decision to back down on Kashmir?
Islamic militants felt betrayed that the Pakistani government supported the United States's War on Terror, and backed down in Kashmir.
3) How would the internal political destabilization of Pakistan affect the United State’s War on Terror?, terrorism increased making the unites states' job a lot harder. Pakistan was so insable it couldnt even attempt to try to fix its own problems. So the US had to deal with terrorism and a broken country too.
Because of the instablility of the country
4) Would British troops inserted along the “Line of Control” help or hinder the peace process?
5) How can diplomacy be further employed to resolve the conflict over Kashmir?